u/rysch

Followup: the monthly analysis https://imgur.com/a/0lCzCkP

(Thank insomnia!)

It's low-key terrifying is what it is.

Data points are the entire wet season tho -- smooths out those exceptionally wet months discussed above.

I wonder if the two bulges would correlate to IOD / ENSO cycles or something.

\monkey's paw curls\**

https://imgur.com/a/EiXjaVi

Exactly this. While it’s an unfortunate wait, particularly for a kid, it also indicates that he is fortunate in that he is stable, not declining, not actively dying.

I tend to agree with you there, but referencing the name of the kernel was not a relevant reason.

macOS achieved UNIX certification in 2007 with the release of 10.5 Leopard. The ‘XNU’ kernel name is just a legacy relic from its NeXTSTEP origins before macOS was UNIX-certified, and there was no real reason not to retain it.

Nah, 3 had already added layers. I went backward to 2.5 at school after first learning to use 3, and wow it was hard to go without layers support.

4 added multiple history (3 only had a single history/undo), snapshots, and the history palette, adjustment layers, and actions/macros.

Photoshop 4 introduced quite a few big innovative UI changes for those of us who were used to Photoshop 3.

For extra fun, there’s a Waikiki in Western Australia (a suburb of Perth on the beach near Rockingham) and a Waikiki Beach in Cape Disappointment, Washington state, USA.

…And I guess there’s also a Waikīkī in Honolulu.

I expect it mainly refers to the grey-blue colour of lead and the colour of a dark healing bruise and it gets metaphorical (bruised ego) from there… But it was also just an ordinary gens family name.

People today and even 3000 years ago often pick baby names because they like the sound, or to honour people they respect and love, and not because of any root meanings. How many people today naming their baby Cooper care about barrel-making, or naming their baby Amelia have even heard of the Amali ruling dynasty of the Ostrogoths? The empress Livia Drusilla (who ruled as Julia Augustus) was named by her father to honour his own adoptive father Livius Drusus.

Even 500 years of that sort of thing is enough for people to completely ignore a name’s etymological origins.

Yep, different Latin roots even.

Livia was the feminine form of Livius (as in Titus Livius aka the historian Livy) and probably stems from liveo (to envy) or lividus (blue, envious).

Olivia, Oliva, Oliver etc probably originated in oliva (olive tree or olive).

It’s a command line tool named literally ‘dd’ that can copy blocks around in multiples. Here one would probably do something with it like copying 100GB of zeroes from the /dev/zero virtual device to /tmp/mybigfile

Read this in her voice. Damnit.

Nah you were fine! I was elaborating on how Telstra is kept motivated to keep them maintained. Combination of carrot and stick.

The way Australia does it, Telstra are both contractually required and legislatively obligated.

Telstra are designated as the default primary universal service provider in the Telecommunications (Consumer Protection and Service Standards) Act 1999 (Commonwealth) which includes the positive obligation -- a legal compulsion, not just some access standard -- to provide payphones accessible to all people everywhere in Australia. Among a bunch of other stuff, it’s a huge Act.

There’s also a separate contractual operational layer, the Telstra USO Performance Agreement, a 20-year contract that spells out the deliverables and payments and compliance/reporting/monitoring, so the government can specify maintenance levels and fault-repair timeframes etc and the consequences if Telstra fail to deliver what they’re being paid to deliver.

It’s not perfect, but we still have free public phones heh

Cowboys were a sort of itinerant warrior class common during Meiji-era Texas.

https://imgur.com/gallery/must-have-taken-wrong-turn-cM5LLPI

I love that shot.

And I only just realised that Sisko is already looking at the hatch when it opens because he could already hear voices from the other side! So he overheard Quark spilling all the gossip about Ishka being Zek’s secret lover and financial advisor.

Alternate interpretation: Dukat redeemed himself by killing Kai Winn.

Using mine as a space heater.

I mean… okay yes, but some of us also remember Mac OS X 10.0’s Aqua. Legibility was not a priority. Things like translucent menus with strong vertical pinstripes were not good for readability.

I had to look it up because it’s been a few years now since I learned it. I think it may be known as the Miles & Misra surface viable count or Miles & Misra drop plate from 1938 -- a widespread method for measuring growth inhibition. The number of drops, volume of drops, and number of plate divisions is often varied as needed.

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miles_and_Misra_method - English Wikipedia has a decent description
• https://www.cs.montana.edu/webworks/projects/stevesbook/contents/chapters/chapter011/section008/blue/page002.html (has photos and instructions for microbiology students)
• https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0167701200002414 (somewhat technical discussion of optimisation)
• https://youtu.be/dLtt-Cr50hY YouTube video
• https://barricklab.org/twiki/bin/view/Lab/ProtocolsCFUCounts another guide with photos - though they use a very small 5 μL drop
• https://github.com/BisanzLab/LabProtocols/blob/main/DropPlates.md and another guide with photos

I think my own suggestions would be to: * incubate the plates for a couple of hours beforehand, when the agar is warm the spots dry faster * absolutely avoid moving the plates until dry. Spots that run together aren’t great. * make sure your work surface is level using a spirit level or similar (we quickly discovered that one of our biosafety cabinets was very tilted) * plan your experiment thoroughly in advance: How you will calculate results. Do you need technical replicates, to average. When can you count colonies the morning after incubating. What range of inhibition do you anticipate needing. Will you have enough time in a single session to do your broth serial dilutions and all the drops and let them dry for a few hours before moving to an incubator.

I’m excited for you, for high school this is a pretty cool project you’ve planned! I hope it goes well.

For a range of dilutions it might be better to make agar spot plates, otherwise you could be pouring many extra plates for this if you use a whole plate for each dilution.

Large 20 μL droplets onto each quarter of a plate, don’t spread them, just try to keep each in an isolated circle shape, and let the plate dry before incubating upside-down overnight. Easy to make and easy to count - someone with minimal experience can fit at least four spots on a plate without them running together.

I’d also recommend an 8th plate, your ’positive control’ plate: with agar, without herbs/spices, with bacterial broth. This is to make sure that the bacteria in your broth are viable and can grow on the agar. It’s the inverse of your ’negative control’ plate without broth, which makes sure nothing grows because that would indicate contamination.

Draw two lines across the underside of the plate to divide it into quarters. Label each quarter.

Starting from the original ~10⁹ cells/mL broth: a 20 μL droplet ≈ 20,000,000 cells (Volume Factor = 0.020). Each quarter of the plate gets a droplet with a different dilution:

• 10⁻³ dilution factor, 20 μL drop ≈ 20,000 cells
• 10⁻⁴ dilution factor, 20 μL drop ≈ 2,000 cells
• 10⁻⁵ dilution factor, 20 μL drop ≈ 200 cells

• 10⁻⁶ dilution factor, 20 μL drop ≈ 20 cells

• Beyond that you’re getting too dilute. ie 10⁻⁷ ≈ 2 cells but might stochastically be like zero or ten depending on random chance.

Once you add the broth droplets, don’t move the plates before the droplets dry or the droplets will run together. After the spots dry, incubate the plates upside-down overnight. Count the colonies in each spot - in one of the quarters it should be easier to distinguish individual colonies than others. Divide your raw count by the dilution factor and the volume factor. Then you can compare how effective each herb/spice was at inhibiting growth, relative to the others, and relative to the dilution spots on your positive control plate. You might even identify that some herbs/spices promote growth.

Thanks but that is the opposite of what I was suggesting.

I’m not sure which would be more cynical tbh - believing they’re incapable of it, or that it’s a business decision not to do it.